3. Protection and Cushioning:
Adipose tissue protects internal organs, reducing the impact of physical trauma. It surrounds vital structures such as the kidneys, heart, and intestines, providing protection.
4. Hormonal and Metabolic Regulation.
Adipose tissue is an active endocrine organ, producing hormones that influence appetite, metabolism, and inflammation. The main hormones are:
• Leptin: Signals the brain to reduce hunger when fat stores are sufficient.
• Adiponectin: Improves insulin sensitivity and helps regulate glucose metabolism.
• Resistin: May contribute to insulin resistance and inflammation.
5. Immune Function:
Adipose tissue contains immune cells that help regulate inflammation and immune responses. However, excessive fat accumulation can lead to chronic inflammation, increasing the risk of metabolic diseases.
The role of adipose tissue in health and disease.
Maintaining a healthy balance of adipose tissue is essential for overall health. While fat is necessary for survival, excess fat, particularly visceral fat (fat stored around internal organs), is linked to various health problems, including:
• Obesity: Excessive accumulation of white adipose tissue can lead to metabolic disorders.
• Diabetes: Increased fat storage can contribute to insulin resistance, a major factor in type 2 diabetes.
Continued on the next page
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