Preheat oven to 425°F. Heat oil in a 10-inch cast-iron skillet over medium-high. Add beef and onions; cook, stirring often, until beef is browned and crumbly, 5 to 7 minutes.

Stir in tomato paste, garlic, chili powder, coriander, cumin, oregano and pepper; cook on medium, stirring constantly, until fragrant and ground beef is coated in tomato paste, about 1 minute.

Stir in beans, diced tomatoes, chicken stock and 1 teaspoon salt. Bring to a boil over medium-high, and cook 2 minutes. Remove from heat.

Stir together cornmeal, flour, sugar, baking powder, 1/2 cup Cheddar, scallions, jalapenos, and remaining 1 teaspoon salt in a medium bowl. Whisk in, buttermilk, melted butter, and egg, until fully combined. Pour batter over hot filling in skillet, spreading batter to edges of skillet. Top with remaining 1/2 cup Cheddar. Place skillet on a rimmed baking sheet.

Bake until topping is golden and firm, about 20 minutes. Let rest at least 5 minutes before serving.