Whether you’ve had them since childhood or noticed a new one appear unexpectedly, moles—those small, dark, sometimes raised or even slightly hairy spots—can spark curiosity and concern. Are they harmless? A sign of good health? Or could they pose a risk? Let’s explore what moles truly signify and, more importantly, when you should take action.
What Is a Mole?
A mole (or nevus) is a cluster of pigment-producing cells called melanocytes, which generate melanin—the substance that gives skin its color. Most people have at least a few moles, particularly those with fair skin. They can be present at birth or develop over time, typically until around age 30–35. Some remain small and inconspicuous, while others may darken or become more noticeable, especially with sun exposure.
Are Moles Dangerous?
The good news? The vast majority of moles are completely harmless. However, in rare cases, they can evolve into something more serious, like melanoma—a type of skin cancer. That’s why monitoring them is key. Think of it like maintaining a car: regular check-ups help catch potential issues before they escalate.
Warning Signs: The ABCDE Rule
Dermatologists use a simple but effective method to identify suspicious moles—the ABCDE rule:
- A (Asymmetry) – One half doesn’t match the other.
- B (Border) – Edges are irregular, blurred, or jagged.
- C (Color) – Multiple shades (brown, black, red, white, or blue).
- D (Diameter) – Larger than 6mm (about the size of a pencil eraser).
- E (Evolution) – Changes in size, shape, color, or texture.
Even one of these signs is reason enough to see a specialist. Early detection is crucial.
Sun Exposure: A Major Risk Factor
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